Pluma: Rizal, Ang Dakilang Manunulat Essay

Jose Rizal, just like any of us, used to live an ordinary life. Just like a normal person, he underwent the mundane stages of human life such as infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Yet, unlike any of us, Rizal inadvertently stood out because he lived by the saying, â€Å"Live life to the fullest.† He made the best out of his 35 years of existence. However, certain events and persons might have inspired him on the first place that eventually transformed his life from ordinary to an â€Å"extraordinary† one. Rizal’s parents, Francisco Mercado and Teodora Alonso, had already introduced to him the value of education. His father owned several books in their shelf in which the young Rizal had a lot of novels to choose from and to read that suits his interest as a child. His mother also served as his first teacher. She taught him how to read and write. At an early age, he already shows brilliance as a writer with a good sense of social awareness. An 8-year old Rizal was able to write his first poem, â€Å"Sa Aking mga Kabata.† This poem highlights love of nationality and Filipino language. Additionally, he excelled academically when he started attending schools in the Philippines, as well as in abroad. Putting his thoughts into writing became his hobby through the years. His works such as A La Juventud Filipina and El Consejo de los Dioses earned him the recognition to the Filipino youth and won an award in Manila respectively. Given the fact that Rizal’s eyes had long been opened to the awful reality during Spanish colonization, he further wrote novels, which include the famous Noli Me Tangere (Touch Me Not) and El Filibusterismo (The Reign of Greed). Most likely, the former includes the story of Sisa, which was said to be inspired by what happened to his mother, Teodora, who was imprisoned due to the accusation of poisoning her sister-in-law. This taste of injustice could have aided Rizal to boost his patriotism. The latter was also written in honor of the memory of GOMBURZA who were executed due to the 1872 Cavite mutiny. With the aid of Paciano who witnessed the execution, Rizal’s eyes became widely opened to the gruesome reality of the Philippine society during their time. In a celebration of the achievement of Juan Luna’s Spoliarium and Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo’s Las Virgenes Cristianas Expuestas al Populacho, Rizal also realized and proclaimed that Filipinos do have something to be proud of.

Enginineer Economic and Costing Essay

The HKSAR government announced to the public on 24 October 2006 that the former site of Hong Kong International Airport (Kai Tak Airport) would be redeveloped as an international cruise hub. The whole project included two sub projects, â€Å"Site formation† and â€Å"Cruise terminal and ancillary facilities building†. In project costing Inflation factor is applied as refer to government inflation index in 2009 (2%) and 2010 (2.7%). As the reason of project postponed, the total cost increased nearly one billion dollars compared to the original plan due to retendering and ASD government requirements. Within project costing considerations, maintenance cost in cash flow out is estimated to be roughly 221.9 Million per year from 2013. For project revenue, two main factors based on fixed rent from tenant space ($13 million for ten year tenancy) and variable rent from percentages of annual gross receipt. Minimum acceptable rate of return (MARR) was also used and accounted for from Exchange Fund to calculate present worth analysis as well as benefit and cost ratio of proposed development. Aside from economic and cost based justifications for project analysis, three main factors of social impacts are also considered in competitiveness in the cruise market, employment opportunity, as well as promoting sustainability from an environmental prospective. Overall, the demand for worldwide passenger levels are ever growing, to promote the international image of Hong Kong, the proposal of building the Kai Tak Cruise terminal is feasible when considerations come into play for combination in socio-economic factors. 1Background In analyzing the Kai Tak Cruise Terminal, we analyzed the socioeconomic implications for the development plan. The HKSAR government announced to the public on 24 October 2006 that the former site of Hong Kong International Airport (Kai Tak Airport) would be reissued for tender and to the redevelopment of reclaimed land that encompass 7.6 hectares with a general development cost estimate of roughly $8.2 billion. A brief background of the Kai Tak area is that it is the site of the former Hong Kong Kai Tak International Airport located in Kowloon side of Hong Kong. Due to the sensitivity of limited land availability and urban density characteristics in Hong Kong, many rounds of deliberation and planning review by the government was required to finally approve the decision of developing the Cruise Terminal. Ultimately, the new Cruise Terminal facility will serve as a mix use facility to not only serves Hong Kong’s resurgence as an ecotourism destination, but a place for exhibitions and alternate venues as well. 2Cost and Revenue Analysis 2.1Project Costing and Investment Since the fail of tender in 2008, the government decided to proceed with the Design, Build and Lease (DBL) approach. The initial investment includes two sub-projects: â€Å"Site formation† and â€Å"Cruise terminal & ancillary facilities building† were original estimated costing $7.2 billion based on the price in 2008. However, the construction cost in general had surged significantly in 2009 due to sharp increase of numerous materials’ cost like sand and steel reinforcement ect. Finally the cost for â€Å"Site formation† roughly estimated as $2.30 billion with inflation factor 2% applied. This part starts from 2009 and will finish in 2017. One year later, the construction of â€Å"Cruise terminal and ancillary facilities building† started and the inflation factor increase to 2.7%. The cost roughly estimated as $5.85 billion. Thus the total initial investment cost becomes $8.15 billion which is around one billion difference to the original plan due to price infraction. The cash flow out show as below: [pic] The 1st pier will be commenced to public in 2013 Q2 (2nd pier will be after 2017). Thus using 2012~13 FY as reference point and assume MARR to be 4.9 %, whereas the initial investment cost used after 2013 will also be calculated to the present value in 2013 for comparison. Therefore, the total initial investment of Cruise Terminal will be $8.1 billion. [PW(I) = 8.1 billion] (Refer to Appendix Table 1) Beyond the initial investment, the government estimates the annual recurrent expenditure arising from site formation to be $15.5 million and from cruise terminal & ancillary facilities building to be $206.4 million. Thus the total maintenance costs will be $221.9 Million per year after the terminal commences to the public. [pic] 2.2Project Revenue Direct renting revenue to the government In 2011, HKSAR launched an open tender for the tenancy. The Tender Assessment Panel considered that the Worldwide Cruise Terminals Consortium (WCT)’s tender had complied the tender requirements. And the Central Tender Board approved the acceptance of WCT’s tender with renting detail as following: WCT will pay to the government a fixed Rent of approximately $13 million for the 10-year tenancy. The Government will be also received a percentage of the gross receipt of the operator as the variable rent. The percentages of the annual gross receipt to be shared with the Government by WCT are as below: [pic] 3Evaluation of Economic Viability 3.1Minimum Attractive Rate of Return (MARR) To understand the economic viability of carrying out this project, evaluation was conducted by applying the money-time relationships and the concept of Minimum Attractive Rate of Return (MARR). Average investment return of the Exchange Fund which is managed by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) was chosen as the MARR in the analysis. The Exchange Fund’s primary objective is to affect the exchange value of the currency of Hong Kong. The Exchange Fund may also be used to maintain the stability and integrity of Hong Kong’s monetary and financial systems, and can be invested in any securities or other assets to achieve investment return. According to the HKMA, the average return of the Fund was 3.5% over the last three years, 3.2% over the last five years, 4.9% over the last 10 years and 5.6% since 1994. In our analysis, the 10-year average investment return, which is 4.9%, was selected to be the MARR. The annual return of the Fund from 1994 to 2011 is shown in Appendix Table 2 shows the 2011 investment return and the average investment returns of the Fund over a number of different time horizons. The Kai Tak Cruise Terminal Project According to the HKSAR government, the total capital investment required for the project is HKD 8156 million and the estimated annual recurrent expenditure is HKD 221.9 million. The annual income will come from a fixed rent for the 10-year operation as well as a variable rent with the percentage of the operator’s gross receipts. The maximum percentage will be 34% when the gross receipts are greater than HKD 90 million. 3.2Evaluation of the Project by Present Worth method (PW) In our analysis, we first applied the Present Worth (PW) method, which is commonly used for evaluating private financed projects. Our aim is to find out the operator’s annual gross receipt required so that the project can be considered to be economically justified if public benefits are not included in the calculation. By using the PW method, all cash flows and outflows are discounted to the present point in time at the determined MARR (4.9%). The PW is required to be greater or equal to zero if a project is to be considered as economically justified. In our calculation, the evaluation period is 10 years and assuming that the annual recurrent expenditure is a fixed contract amount. To estimate the operating revenue of the Kai Tak Cruise Terminal, reference to the operating revenue of Port Everglades in United State was made. Port Everglades is one of the three busiest cruise ports in the world. In 2010, its operating revenue from cruise sector was about USD 45.7 million (HKD 356.5 million). From the result of the calculation, the present value (2013-2014) is –HKD 8846 million (PW < 0) (refer to Table 3), which also means that the project is not economically justified when the public benefits are not included. The information used for the calculation and the cash flow are shown in Appendix Table 3. In addition, our analysis showed that the operator’s first annual gross receipts need to be HKD 3193 million (nearly nine-fold more than Port Everglades’) and then have 4% annual increase for PW to be greater than zero. Achieving this level of income is extremely difficult if not impossible. Table 3: Present equivalent of cash flow In next section, Benefit – Cost Ratio method, which is commonly used for evaluating public projects by considering public benefits, is applied in the analysis. 3.3B/C Ratio Overall economic benefit to Hong Kong Surely the government does not focus on the renting income but the overall economic benefit to Hong Kong. The project leads the development of the Cruise Economy which adds additional value to tourism, retail & dinning, travel trade and hotel etc. Based on the estimation from Tourism commission for latest cruise passengers’ expenditure data and multiplier effect, the cruise industry will bring following economic benefits to Hong Kong under different scenarios: The â€Å"low growth scenario† assumes growth brought by regional cruise operators developing cruise services with Hong Kong as homeport. The â€Å"high growth scenario† assumes growth brought by international cruise operators developing cruise services with Hong Kong as a homeport and port-of-call. We have calculated the B/C ratio for different scenarios as below with following assumptions 1) Interest rate is 4.9%; 2) The government only gets $13 million rent; 3) The Cruise Terminal continuous to operation till following year Therefore, even under low growth scenario, both conventional and modified B/C ratio greater than 1 after the Cruise Terminal continuous to operation over ten years, this project is worth to proceed. 4Social Impacts 4.1Higher competitiveness in cruise markets Compared to Shanghai and Singapore where the cruise terminals have been further developed, Hong Kong’s cruise market would be highly constrained if maintained at the original level. Because Hong Kong will require an additional berth between 2009 and 2015, and one to two berths beyond 2015 to sustain its development as a regional cruise hub in Asia Pacific region. 4.2Increase of employment chances Cruise vessels homeport at Hong Kong will create job opportunities in related industries including hotel, catering, shipping management, shipping supplies and insurance. It may support some 6900 to 10900 employment opportunities in 2020. 4.3Environmental impacts The terminal had obtained Platinum rating in BEAM Plus Project Assessment in 2012, which means a high level achievement in three Green aspects (energy saving, quality of indoor environment, and environmental impacts to neighbors) 5Conclusion From studies of worldwide passenger demand levels, it is estimated that there is a steady increase from 13.9 million to roughly 23.8 – 31.5 million by 2020. Although, this is a world estimate and Hong Kong is only small spectrum of the world, there is seemingly enough evidence from cruise terminal consultancy for Asia region to instill a predictable growth for Hong Kong. Overall, the project does not show promise economically with recurrent expenditures with operational revenues. It should be noted that the facility does not imply with an overall picture depicted in the B/C ratio. Therefore, to promote Hong Kong’s international image and standstill in the international sector, the Kai Tak Cruise Terminal is a viable option for Hong Kong’s bright future.

NATO and Terrorism

â€Å"A key feature of terrorism is that it is directed at a wider audience or target than the immediate victims. It is one of the earliest forms of psychological warfare. An inevitable corollary is that terrorism entails attacks on random and symbolic targets, including civilians, in order to create a climate of extreme fear among a wider group.† (Buckley and Fawn, pg. 1) Whenever, any country or a nation is at a critical stage and it feels that someone might capture his homeland, and then he bears the courage to fight for his homeland as for the love of his country. There are special rules and principles according to which countrymen can protect their nation from enemies. An alliance was formed by the European countries and the US when they were facing attacks from the Soviet Nations. To fight for their land, they created an alliance which is called NATO. The abbreviation of NATO is North Atlantic Treaty Organization. It was created to promote harmony among the member countries and throughout the world. The basic responsibilities of the NATO soldiers were to remove the people whose lives were at stake near the borderline so that they could be accommodated too much safer places then those. In this regard, every member country was bound to follow all the instructions of this allied force in connection of the co-operation and peace among these countries. When this allied force was created there were about 51 countries in it and now it comprises about 189 countries. Basically, history tells that it was the unity of all the European nations, United States and Canada against a Soviet attack on their participating or friend nations. â€Å"The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), as it often has been, is once again at the center of this debate. Today NATO is once again a subject of concern and debate. Member states have put the organization through a major structural overhaul, but there continue to be doubts concerning its future in the absence of a threat†. (Cohen et al, pg. 20) The NATO is said to be an allied force as it is so it fights against terrorism but the main point to this topic is that if the NATO is fighting against terrorism then terrorism may surely be affecting it in many ways. The most favorable prove in this regard is the 9/11 attack on the World Trade Center in the Washington District of the United States of America. â€Å"After the events of September 11 2001, a stunned US President George W. Bush declared that ‘night fell on a different world. There was indeed horror around much of the globe that a new and insidious precedent had been set for terror against states, making everyone vulnerable.† (Buckley and Fawn, pg. 1) This effected the reputation and name of the NATO. While within 24 hours of the attack the NATO declared and proved that it was a plan to destroy the image of the NATO and somewhere they have succeeded. But the real plan was to kill the soldiers of the NATO. However, gradually the planes and aircrafts turned towards the WTC and bumped into the world’s highest building. Till then the NATO has been trying to curb terrorism and is in fight of this fearful activity and its activists. However, nowadays, the NATO is working against terrorism in Afghanistan and is trying its level best to damage the hideouts of those jihad militants. The NATO fully recognized its duties after the September 11 2001 attacks, which proved to be harmful for the works of the NATO. After that they started an active participation in fight against terrorism and their first operation was chained outside Europe. The North Atlantic Council, which is the central body of the NATO, directs it from where to start and all the NATO officials have to present their work history or their efforts to this Head Quarter named the North Atlantic Council. The NATO militants are offered their services from here and one is punctual and strict to abide the rules and principles of the Head Quarter. Recently, the 2006 attacks in Turkey by terrorist groups were highly condemned by the NATO and at a conference held at the NAC0 the base commander declared his sympathy with the people of Turkey and strongly condemned the attitudes of the terrorist groups. The point is only that if these terrorist groups and their militants want us to move from their places then they should clearly come and fight with the NATO’s allied forces, while in this way they are not opening the ways of sympathy for them but are creating an emotional of hate in the hearts and minds of the people. This conflict and war of terror between NATO and the terrorists have made the lives of people miserable. They do not care about who is living or who dies. The conflicting situation is continoulsy-disturbing the lives of people and is forcing them to kill themselves because of fear and terror but who cares because nobody would leave this war. Everyone should standby his conditions and all is well that end is well. People would die and last of the entire world would be free of us. Terrorist attacks in Algeria are also increasing but all are helpless in front of the terrorist forces. According to a NATO press release, the Secretary General of the NATO strongly condemning the attacks said that on behalf of all the brave and courageous commandos of the NATO, I strongly condemn the terrorist attacks on Algeria and this is a promise that the NATO will always stand by the Algerians as our Mediterranean teams is also working. We hope for further development in decreasing the number of terrorists from the terrorist affected areas because our teams are working there to combat with the terrorists. However, after the September 11, 2001 attacks, the NATO has become more serious and effective in playing its complete role against terrorism. Now, the forces of the NATO are removing people who are living near the terrorist camps especially in Afghanistan. The forces of the NATO fear that these people might be victimized in their context so it would be better to remove and relocate them to a much safer place. The NATO has been much supported and encouraged by its partners in regard of the fight against terrorism. The member countries are always present to help the NATO manage voluntary camps and they also launch campaigns for the betterment of theses courageous soldiers. Nowadays the plan, which is residing among the partner countries, comprises of the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council and the NATO-Russia Council. These two comprise of the supporting countries that have been with the NATO since its formation and have supported this alliance against terrorism in every positive means. Apart from its member countries, the NATO is also sharing up its part with other international organizations and is taking and giving information to those organizations so that their law enforcement agencies could be proven helpful for the NATO in finding fearful and wanted people. In accordance with all of the above statements it has been proved that the NATO is trying its level best to curb the germ named terrorism but is continuously failing in it because the rising umber of crimes and criminals. However, a team like the NATO should be within every country so that it could have a worldwide terror-curbing network. â€Å"Israel and its overseas network in the US†¦. (threatens) not only the oppressed people of Palestine (and Iraq, Iran, Lebanon, Syria and any other state Israel takes aim at) but the rights of people throughout the world.† He stresses we have mass public opinion on our side nearly everywhere outside the US, and it's gaining resonance here as well. It sees Israel and our actions in support of the Israeli state as the greatest of all threats to world peace and stability. Petras ends his book with one final impassioned call to arms: â€Å"Let's move ahead and de-colonize our country, our minds and politics as a first step in reconstituting a democratic republic, free of entangling colonial and neo-imperial alliances.† (Petras, 2006) It has been proved that what were the aims and objectives on which the NATO was created. However, it is reminded again that when the US and UK colonies and European nations faced severe attacks from the sides of the Soviet Unions and Soviet nations, then they decided to create an allied force named the NATO. The NATO is supposed to be helpful in curbing the roots of terrorism and it is doing it as its prime duty but the greatest terrorist shock that rocked the whole world as well as the NATO was the 9/11 attacks. â€Å"The September 11, 2001, attacks on the United States have made a smooth joint planning and coordination process even more urgent. While NATO invoked for the first time in its history its collective defense clause, it seems likely that the United States will coordinate its planned attacks on terrorist targets outside the European theater with individual allies rather than through the North Atlantic Council. As a result of the attacks, Washington will be reluctant to add more resources to Balkan peace management, at least in the short term†. (Cohen et al, pg. 74) After these severe attacks, the NATO became more terror and fear conscious and now it has started its operations in Afghanistan and the Ukraine Mediterranean area. However, besides all of this conflicts and situation, terrorism has always been a wall in the social and humanitarian services of the NATO. Wherever the NATO services try to spread peace and harmony, there is a bomb blast reported and same of every attack, the name and the blame comes directly on the allied force the NATO. The NATO has been contributing its services since 1955 and the countries, which are supporting it, should understand to announce an increase in the security of the soldiers. In that, if anybody is severely injured or dies during the military operations, the there should be special arrangements to remind those soldiers who contributed their part for the beloved country land. These soldiers should be regarded as a part of an active and alive society so that the forth-coming generation could remind the services of the beloved ones who sacrificed their lives for the love for their country. In that, it should be remembered and recognized that if these brave soldiers are neither paid tributes for their services or are never recognized for their never ending courage, we will lose these brave soldiers and then we should be ready to face another shock of a new Soviet or another union. Works Cited James Petras (Sep 26, 2006). The Power of Israel in the United States. Lenard J. Cohen, Alexander Moens, and Allen G. Sens. Praeger. NATO and European Security: Alliance Politics from the End of the Cold War to the Age of Terrorism. Westport, CT. Year: 2003. Page Number: 20 Mary Buckley and Rick Fawn. Global Responses to Terrorism: 9/11, Afghanistan and beyond. Routledge.   New York, Year: 2003. Page Number: 1      

A Rose for Emily and Society in the Eyes of William Faulkner Essay

William Faulkner is truly a remarkable writer. By writing a very short story about a spinster, he shows how society’s moral fiber can hinder the progress of a community. In â€Å"A Rose for Emily,† the author chooses to reveal the growth of a town by using strong characterization, vivid settings and plot development.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Faulkner’s protagonist, Emily Grierson, is the ideal symbol of how the moral fiber of a person can stunt growth. Brought up believing that she was part of high society, Miss Emily’s character showed, through her perspectives, that she is not one to partake in its progress. She did not renovate her house which used to be stylish in its own decade and was very out of place among the â€Å"garages and cotton gins† (Faulkner par. 2) that signified community progress. She refused to put the metal number and mailbox when the postal service was upgraded – also a symbol that she refused to be a part of the society where she belonged. She also gave china-painting lessons, an art form that had long been considered a part of history and very traditional. Faulkner also brilliantly shows that aside from being stubborn about accepting modernization, Miss Emily’s refusal to move on symbolizes the way people can hinder societal growth with their beliefs or behavior. Her refusal to accept her father’s death even after three days when the man passed away shows how her character clings desperately to the past for sanity and stability. The way she had poisoned Homer Barron is symbolic of how holding on to the past can be fatal to progress. She knew that her sweetheart was going to leave her and if this happens, she would not only lose the love she desperately wanted but also the pride that she upheld as a â€Å"Grierson.† Murdering Homer, also considerably a symbol of modernization because of his job as a foreman for a construction company killed Emily’s chances of developing into a better person. Although the author prefers to focus the story on Miss Emily’s character, he also shows how other people’s attitudes toward each other can slacken the pace of progress. William Faulkner enhances this theme well by using other characters in the story to show how the moral fiber of the town slows down its development.   Judge Stevens stuck to his gentlemanly ways when neighbors complained about the foul smell coming from Emily’s house. His reply, â€Å"will you accuse a lady to her face of smelling bad?† (Faulkner 24) showed that he would rather keep his ethical beliefs than solve a crisis in the community. Col. Sartoris, Emily’s reason for not paying taxes, symbolizes how the past can block any attempt in financial development as well. The silence of the Negro housekeeper Emily relied on for years also strengthens the contention that one’s moral beliefs can hinder the truth from coming out for too long.   The Negro is a symbol of moral oppression because of the way that society used to treat his race. Because the community would not listen to a black man, he chose to be silent and this caused a great delay in the revelation of what was true. Faulkner’s Narrator also voices out the different perspectives of people about Miss Emily.   Believing that she should not behave in certain ways kept them from realizing what was truly happening to the woman. By making Emily the center of gossip and many misinterpretations, the community did not fully develop and did not learn of the truth until it was too late.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   By using descriptions of many other items to contrast progress and decay, the author masterfully develops the theme. Aside from the houses, the clothes that the town people wore in Miss Emily’s funeral were considered traditional despite the fact that they were already living in the lap of modern society. The â€Å"yellow-wheeled buggy† (Faulkner 30) on which Emily and Homer drove around the neighborhood also symbolizes how she had almost let go of her morals because of her love for the man. The buggy was colored yellow, a strikingly vibrant color compared to the blacks and whites associated in almost every description of Miss Emily. Her shortened hair after her father’s burial also signifies that her life had been cut   by her failure to accept that life needs to move on. The description of how she was discovered dead with her â€Å"head propped on a pillow yellow and moldy with age† (Faulkner par. 54) again reiterates that she had let the future slip away by clinging on to her memories instead of moving on.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   More items and descriptions included in the setting also prove to strengthen Faulkner’s theme about progress. Miss Emily’s depiction as an old fat lady â€Å"bloated like a body long submerged in motionless water, and of that pallid hue,† supports the idea that her character had already died emotionally and spiritually because she did not move on with her life. The â€Å"invisible watch ticking† (Faulkner par. 7) symbolizes how time can only delay the revelation of the truth but cannot completely hide it from coming out. The foul smell of Homer’s body being secretly kept also supports the concept that decay cannot be withheld despite the proud front that Emily was showing the public.   The skeleton on the bed that had already stuck to the sheets further intensifies the theme that the holding on to the past can be fatal.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Faulkner’s plot development shines through a unique style of narration that not only shows his creativity but also helps support the theme of slow progress development.   The author uses a distinctive way of telling the story by going back and forth from the past to the present and in between events.   By doing so, Faulkner shows that the past keeps meddling with the present events. Instead of letting readers understand the story as it develops based on a flowing timeline, he uses past incidents and thoughts propping up in every part of the story to explain how Miss Emily’s character decayed with her stubbornness to cling to her yesteryears and beliefs. This style is symbolic of how handing on to memories can slacken the pace of knowing the truth and attaining full development.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   William Faulkner is a very brilliant writer who maximizes every detail of a short story to impose a theme on his audience. The behavior of the strong characters relays his message concretely.   The settings of the story provide many symbolic items that move the readers to understand the plot and theme very well.   Above all, his narrative style of retelling a story is exceptional and unifies the theme to all the other elements of his writing.   Miss Emily truly deserves a rose but William Faulkner merits the applause.

Sporting Violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Sporting Violence - Essay Example h a hockey stick, with a blade or butt, was not a reasonable practice and fell outside the ambit of the implied consent.† (Supra note 25 at 128) and the accused was found guilty of overreacting. Major league baseball considers the commissioner to be the final arbiter of disputes between the clubs and the league and also gives it the authority to impose punishments, much like the NBA and the NHL. (Major League Agreement Art I. (1988) These powers are the result of the uniform player contract and the collective bargaining agreement, that establishes the disciplinary authority of both the team and the commissioner. (CBA of NBA, art 23; exhibit â€Å"standard club rules†) The role of the state and police, along with the courts in restricting sporting violence can be of a limited nature, and the last recourse. This position is taken, based on the fact that rough play is a part of the game, and the competitive edge coupled with the rush of adrenaline, may make players indulge in violent acts. The judges, who are called upon to arbitrate are familiar with the mentality of a sportsperson, and they may not be aware of the unspoken rules of conduct, which are a part of all sports. The role of law as arbiter, comes into focus because when a player steps over the line, if his action is not castigated by the games governing authority because â€Å"where there are obvious infractions of the criminal law, the authorities are duty bound to take whatever action is necessary to prevent a repetition of such conduct.† (R v. Henderson [1976] The court in Hackbart v.Cincinnati Bengel Inc.( Hackbart v Cincinnati Bengal Inc. 601 F2d 516 (19th Cic 1979) said ‘courts are ill suited to decide different social questions and to determine what is an acceptable level of conduct on what is much like a ‘battlefield.† and so just as there are a separate set of laws for the army it is not unreasonable to put sportspersons and sporting violence under the purview of their disciplinary bodies,

Reflection essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Reflection - Essay Example Those left have to learn to survive, and find the reason for their existence, or at least hope that fate will lead them to finding that reason. Fate just like love is an avalanche that hits when least expected, hurtling down at you, leaving you without an alternative, but to oblige to it. First, â€Å"Your Fate Hurtles Down at You† reflects more of the life that is comparable to the sting of cold in an icy setting. The setting of the story may not just have been a chance choice for the author to develop what he wanted to communicate to his readers, but must have been carefully considered to emphasize on his points. Davos is a place, perfect for research about ice and snow because of its geographical composition. Although some occurrences within the story took place in different localities, the settings are similar in that, they are prone to avalanches. This circumstance is what the author uses to emphasize the title of the story, used as a metaphor. Like an avalanche that falls anytime without warning, fate hurtles down inevitably on people, whether they like it or not. Moreover, the narration of the death of the storyteller’s twin brother, Willi, is a strong demonstration of how fate hurtles down on a person. He did not like to die, he was young, and in love with Ruth who was pregnant with their child. Nevertheless, he was destined to die young and as his death came suddenly and unexpectedly, this event and the cause of death portray the suddenness of how fate could hit an individual. On the other hand, the fate of Willi’s brother is to love the same woman Willi adored, Ruth. Despite the fact that Ruth showed interest on Willi more than his twin brother, the other did not stop loving her. This is Eckel’s fate, to love the woman who only loves his brother, and is not ready to love him even after his brother’s demise. This fate could be

M Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

M - Essay Example It controls roughly 90 subsidiaries in the world. It’s the second largest packaged food company in the world just behind Procter & Gamble. Its current expansion programme includes a number of acquisitions and mergers. Its smaller acquisitions like the purchase of Kwality Group’s ice cream plants in Delhi, India by Hindustan Lever Limited (HLL) and bigger ones like Japans Ajinomoto Co. for $381 million. This acquisition gave Unilever the full management control and total sales and profits in seven Asian Ajinomoto owned companies. The strategic significance of these acquisitions has to be examined against the backdrop of their future revenue generating capacities. Above all they have to be considered as part and parcel of the overall Unilever operations in the world. Its organizational structure and culture have augmented this A&M drive despite a number of set-backs that it suffered in some of its operations recently. The strategic competitive environment of the global packaged food industry in particular and the consumer goods industry in general has been characterized by a series of causative factors such as demand-centric and supply-centric influences. Health worries on the part of consumers have taken a particularly worse turn for the packaged food industry while suppliers are going for mergers and acquisitions to achieve scale economies and bigger profit margins. This trend has brought with it a host of other consequences within and without the industry. Such developments have place Unilever in a particularly tight spot with regard to M&A activity. Both causes and consequences of these acquisitions and mergers can be considered on a broader set of strategic management choices and imperatives along with competitive expediencies of time and circumstance. Unilever has been operating on a uniformly defined platform of principles of which the corner stone is the strategic competitive edge over its rivals such as Nestle, Procter & Gamble and Kraft. Thus

Learning and development in the workplace Essay

Learning and development in the workplace - Essay Example It has become a collaborated effort between the employer and the employee where they go through the learning process together so as to maximise the effects of the existing skills and competences. This paper will consider some flexible learning strategies that enhance the concept of workplace learning and development with short case studies as examples. Personal Development Plan Personal planning is approached by people differently based on the differences that individuals exhibit. Personal planning requires a great deal of individual effort for it to be effective. Not many people in the workplaces pay attention to developing personal plans despite being aware of their immense benefit toward personal development. In the workplace many employees feel that in developing a personal plan they are just but showing what the employer wants to see and term it as hypocritical or fail to see its value. Other employees who understand the benefits tend to take it pretty seriously. Personal develo pment plans are actually the efforts that one put in place aiming at tracking their education and performance paths. These plans assist an employee in developing their career path better. This plan includes events and benchmarks along a career path which may be long or short term depending on the goals to be achieved therein (Makinson 2001). This development plan usually encompasses learning as one works towards set goals and objectives. Personally I take a Personal Development Plan as an avenue through which am able to know myself better. A plan streamlines daily activities and compresses them within a specified timeframe. As such personal discipline is cultivated which enables one to easily surpass their initial targets on performance or even learning. PDP allows one to uncover their underlying strengths and weaknesses which in the past acted as major hindrances to efficiency and general performance at work (Rughani 2001). Personal development plans offer one a chance to evaluate performance in relation to the set targets. When this is done an individual employee is able to engage in corrective measures that include further training, acquiring of new skills while developing existing ones and acquisition of more knowledge and competence to perform various tasks at the workplace. A PDP outlines the timeframe within which achievements are to be made. As such one is able to know with certainty how far they have gone with the plan, how effective it has been and the timeframe left together with what remains pending (Cottrell 2003). This way an individual is able to analyse clearly the skills, knowledge and competences they have acquired and compare this with the set targets. One of the most important benefits of the PDP is the realisation of the skills and knowledge needed to attain unachieved objectives which in turn make an employee to develop themselves towards their attainment (Clifford & Thorpe 2007). Use of PDP is a sure way of identifying how one is learnin g and whether this process is bearing any fruits. It does that by offering evidence that is vital in analysing the required knowledge and skills in ultimately achieving particular objectives. This brings in the need for goals to follow the SMART model which stipulates that goals have to be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Time-based (Cottrell 2003). An individual following a laid out PDP needs to constantly evaluate the viability of their goals in respect to the elements of this model as failure to do so

Responding to Groupthink and Faulty Reasoning at NASA Case Study - 6

Responding to Groupthink and Faulty Reasoning at NASA - Case Study Example From this paper it is clear that if group members have doubts but lack appropriate evidence to support their position, their doubts and concerns should still be communicated to authorized personnel who have the competencies and qualifications to evaluate the matter and substantiate whether there are valid support for the doubts. The important thing is that the concern has been effectively communicated and relayed to higher authorities.  The reporter stresses   "if I were head of NASA, I would have launched a rescue shuttle in as far as I am confident that the second shuttle would not meet the same fatal accident regarding the first foam strike that happened with Columbia. I would also solicit as much information as evidently possible to determine alternative courses of action where the Columbia crew could make it back to Earth as innovatively possible.   As indicated, NASA has followed these steps to change its culture and to resist groupthink: safety worries are encouraged to be communicated and are not out rightly dismissed; teams of engineers conduct simulations on diverse scenarios to assist in addressing problems and concerns; cross-checking of interventions, suggestions and recommendations from one team of engineers are validated by another group of engineers from a different research center to avoid group think and to encourage taking diverse perspectives; worst case scenarios are proactively established including establishment of contingency plans in these situations. If these changes and activities are continued to encourage innovative thinking, the agency could indeed continue with its progress. Progress could be slow at first but it is always better to be slow than sorry. "

Soviet response to the Hungarian revolution of 1956 Essay

Soviet response to the Hungarian revolution of 1956 - Essay Example Only a major and relentless Soviet military incursion quickly put an end to the profound political transformations happening in Hungary, the setting up of the Soviet-ruled administration led by Janos Kadar, and launched the ruthless rebuilding of Soviet rule in the country. This paper discusses the Warsaw Pact and the roots and effects of Hungary’s withdrawal from the pact on Soviet power and alliances. Introduction The Hungarian Revolution of 1956 characterized the unparalleled confrontation to communism in East Central Europe’s postwar history and regarded as one of the most disastrous episode in the series of political reforms after the demise of Stalin and loosening Stalinist rules in the province. The revolution had three separate stages characterized by transition in leadership. Stalinists were deposed on the 28th of October and the administration of Imre Nagy proclaimed its approval of the revolution, a negotiating period was affirmed, and the Soviet army pulled out from Budapest.2 Janos Kadar declared the establishment of the Hungarian Socialist Worker’s Party, and the formation of revolutionary organizations began. On the 1st of November the Soviet heads declared the initiation of the second military intervention.3 The Warsaw Pact and Hungary’s Withdrawal The Warsaw Pact is an agreement between the Soviet Union, Romania, Poland, Hungary, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, and Albania, which was ratified in 1955 and was formally named ‘The Treaty of Friendship, Co-operation and Mutual Assistance’.4 Supposedly the Warsaw Pact was a reaction to an analogous agreement formed in 1949 by Western Allies, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and the 1955 West Germany’s re-militarization, which raised impending risks to the Eastern nations.5 Even though it was emphasized by everybody that the Warsaw Pact was founded on absolute global equality and joint intervention in one another’s domestic issues, the agreement rapidly became a potent political instrument for the Soviet Union to control its allies and exploit their military might and influence. When Hungary attempted to pull out from the 1956 treaty, Soviet military responded to defeat the rebellion.6 There are several causes and effect of the withdrawal of Hungary from the Warsaw Pact. Hungary was the first among ex-Soviet protectorates to raise the possibility of unilaterally retreating from the Warsaw Pact. Rezso Nyers, the Hungarian Socialist Party Chairman, declared in January 1990 that the country withdrew its membership from the Eastern Bloc and that it planned to encourage better alliances with Central European countries, such as Bulgaria, Romania, Poland, Czechoslovakia, and West Germany.7 Nyers further appealed to the Soviet military to exit Hungary immediately. Afterwards, Budapest made a settlement for the total extraction of Soviet troops by the 30th of June 1991, which was ratified on the 10th of March 1 990, by the foreign representatives of Hungary and Soviet Union.8 Budapest, in 1990 and 1991, was determined in its resistance to the prolongation of the Warsaw Pact. Prime Minister Jozsef Antall proposed in June 1990 that the

Rehabilitation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Rehabilitation - Essay Example e can have various effects.   I note that during the earlier stages of my disease that I had mild and uncontrollable muscular movements, stumbling, clumsiness, decreased concentration, decreased short-term memory, depression, and changes in mood (NHS, 2012).   During this time, I often felt confused and could not understand what was happening to me and why.   The diagnosis of my disease later helped me understand what I was going through (NHS, 2012).   As the disease advanced, I found it more difficult to walk, and sometimes had trouble sitting and standing on my own.   I also manifested involuntary movements at times.   I had trouble speaking clearly, and sometimes had difficulties in swallowing (NHS, 2012).   I also lost weight.   I also manifested emotional changes including mood changes, depression, and frustration.   My mood changes also caused a loss of motivation and drive, often causing me to withdraw from normal activities (NHS, 2012).   This disease has caused strain with my family members.   For my family, my disease caused much strain and stress.   Financial burden was one of these issues caused by my disease on my family.   It also made them embarrassed to have a family member suffering from the disease (Knowles, 2006).   My children felt misunderstood and did not socialize well with other children because of the embarrassment they felt.   My children also felt that they were constantly in a stressed household and often had to deal with arguments with my wife and with each other (Knowles, 2006).   My children’s studies were also affected due to the stress they had to deal with.   At times, they also had to deal with abuse, mostly emotional abuse from me (Knowles, 2006).   I would sometimes lash out at them and utter angry and hurting words which caused them much pain and frustration. My family also has a history of this disease, with my father and grandfather having died both in the early 40s due to the ravages of this disease. The fact that they

Progression in Knowledge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Progression in Knowledge - Essay Example Currently, I am a student with a double major in international relations with a concentration in Europe and French. My perspective in life gradually changed and significantly broadened as I matured in age. My aspiration in life was not confined anymore to merely attain personal success in life but I came to the realization as I understand my role in society as part of the next generation. But as to be expected in life, there are many hindrances along the way. As an international student, the fluctuating currency rates contribute to the difficulty in supporting my education. We are not a wealthy family and tuition fees are arduous on my parents. With no other source of paying for a summer study abroad, it is indeed very difficult. But even though financial matters pose a hindrance to my goals, I am determined to make the extra effort as this step forms a major component of my course. This is the very reason why I appeal to the generosity of this institution to grant me a scholarship. I trust that a university such as this will esteem and recognize efforts coming from promising pupils. I am aware that there are many applicants requesting for this opportunity. Despite this, I am settled to take my chance as this will pave a way for me as an international student. I am aware that being a student in this institution carries with it a great responsibility and requires utmost devotion and determination. It is my aspiration to gain knowledge and expertise in this university to better myself, to be able to provide for my family in the future and be an asset to the community. I view this as another challenge to improve my personality.

Disassembling and Reassembling of Proteins Essay

Disassembling and Reassembling of Proteins - Essay Example As the paper highlights after leaving the stomach, food goes through the oesophagus into the stomach where the onset of protein digestion occurs. The hydrochloric acid is released in preparation for digestion, and plays a critical role in activating pepsinogen into pepsin, the enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of proteins. The HCl intrinsic factor also aids in the conversion of proteins into metaproteins, making the catalysis of the breakdown easier since peptidases break down metaproteins easily. Interaction of proteins with hydrochloric acid triggers denaturation, making digestion easier. The acidic environment serves as a favorable environment for the activity of the activated pepsin. Pepsin takes an active role in breaking down proteins into peptides.This paper stresses that digestion of protein continues in the small intestines because pepsin activity of breaking down proteins is partial. The resulting peptides need further digestion in their constitute amino acids that can be absorbed by the small intestines DNA. In the case of infants, the enzyme rennin is present in the stomach, and its major responsibility is acting on casein, converting it to a soluble protein molecule named paracasein. In the reaction that follows, calcium ions encounter paracasein, and calcium paracaseinate forms. Pepsin then acts on paracaseinate, digestive it into simpler molecules.  In the small intestines, pancreaticpeptidases such as trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastase, and carboxypeptidase indulge in further digestion of the peptides.

Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC'S). Economic Indicators Article

Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC'S). Economic Indicators - Article Example The countries that are member of this council are as follows: †¢ Saudi Arabia †¢ Kuwait †¢ Bahrain †¢ Qatar †¢ United Arab Emirates †¢ Sultanate of Oman (Sheikh Mohammed, 2012) GCC being an oil-based region is provided with several opportunities to enhance its profit ratio and to play an essential and pivotal role in providing the world with oil. With the largest crude oil reserves in GCC (486.6 billion barrels), the member countries play the leading role in the world. In addition, GCC is the largest producer and exporter of petroleum due to which the region enjoyed fascinating and spectacular economic boom from the year 2002 to 2008 (The Economist Intelligence, 2011). The dominant role of the GCC countries in the world provided the region with an opportunity to increase the economy to $1.1 trillion (triple in size) during the same years. GCC region is the largest producer and exporter of oil and petroleum due to which the GCC countries account for almost 52 percent of the total OPEC oil reserves. 3. GDP GROWTH RATE The growth rate of the GCC region relies highly on the production and export of oil and petroleum to countries across the globe. The GDP growth rate of the GCC has been fascinating and outstanding from 2002-2008 and even after 2012 (IMF, 2012). Throughout 2002 to 2008 the region was provided with an opportunity to increase its economy threefold (Fox, 2011). The GCC countries enhanced its GDP from 400,000 (Mn US$) in the year 2003 to more than 1,100,000 (Mn US$) in the year 2008. ... Meanwhile, the region witnessed a growth rate of 14.2 percent in the year 2007 (Fox, 2011). Such an increase in the growth rate in the year 2002-2008 was highly dependent on the strongly increasing oil demand in the world (Fox, 2011). Some of the factors that contributed to such an extensive performance include better geo-political environment, boost in privatization of activities, increase in the Central Bank’s assets along with the strengthening of the GCC’s corporate sector. On the other hand, the GCC region has witnessed a decline in the growth rate due to the rising financial and economic crisis (Bachellerie, 2012). As a result, the oil market in the countries across the globe turned from cash cow to dog. The financial and economic crisis led to the decline in nominal GDP by -19.3 percent. Meanwhile, the real GDP declined from 6.4 percent to 0.5 percent in the years 2008 and 2009 respectively. With the global recovery of the oil market, the GCC region once again wi tnessed promising growth rate. The forecasted nominal GDP of the GCC was 380.5 (USD bn) in the year 2012 whereas the Real GDP (forecasted) for the same year was 5.3 (% y/y). Figure 1: GDP of GCC Countries Source: Gulf Investment Corporation, 2011) Figure 2: GCC’s GDP Growth Source: Haque, 2012 4. Inflation Rate The inflation rate in the GCC was quite low from 2002 to 2003 due to the prudent monetary and fiscal policies. Moreover, the access and availability of the goods and services in the region ensured low inflation rate. This could be witnessed by the 0.2 percent inflation rate which increased to 2.1 percent during 2001-2004. The inflation rate was 6.7 percent in the year 2007 which reached 10.7 percent in the year 2008 (IMF, 2011). The increase in inflation rate was a

Community college reflection Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Community college reflection - Assignment Example The faculty to student ratio is very low and therefore the classrooms are so small that students are able to get the attention of the professors for any challenge they encounter as well as feedback (Staley, 2011). This helps in boosting their knowledge and skills to get gainful employment as well as form a sound foundation for those endeavoring to attend university. The purpose of community colleges is to prepare students before they join college as well as empowering working adults to take part time specific courses while working. Although most community colleges have unique missions, the primary concept is based on their commitment to offer lifelong education, teaching, community service, and service to all society segments through fair treatment of the students. The breadth and relevance of program offered in community colleges is lower than that offered in universities since most of the students enrolled are credit students who need to boost their grades in order to be eligible for undergraduate courses. As such, the scope of their course lie between the high school and college level. Nevertheless, their program are highly relevant as they are sufficient in equipping local students with meaningful skills to handle employment. After my high school graduation, I enrolled for a certificate course in a community college for two years while awaiting to get admission to the university, since it would increase my chances of getting admission. I preferred the community college as it was low-cost compared to other colleges and the learning environment was very rewarding and fulfilling since I got to interact directly with the professors due to the small sizes of the classroom and the students were relatively

Project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Project - Assignment Example The Agile method was developed to provide solutions to the shortcomings of the waterfall methodology. It gives a project an incremental approach as opposed to a sequential one (Measey and Berridge, 39). Developers begin with a simplified design for the project and then proceed to work on the small modules. Developers work on these modules either in weekly sprints or in monthly sprints. When each sprint ends, the developers evaluate the priorities of the project and run tests. The option to work in sprints gives developers the ability to incorporate feedback from the customer into the project’s design before they begin another sprint. The Agile methodology can be applied in our individual project because it is flexible and allows for changes in the design after the completion of the initial plans. With this method, we can also incorporate additional features by introducing new technology into the project (Measey and Berridge, 44). Agile also allows for thorough testing of the

Strategic Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Strategic Human Resource Management - Essay Example Recently, the strategic role of the HR field and linkages between business and Hr strategy have been the subject of extensive discussion. Jim walker (1980), with his classic book on Human resource planning, was the first writer to suggest considering the corporate business strategy while developing and executing HR plans. Since then, in just over a greater of a century, a plethora of research, theory and cases examining research on aligning HR policies and practices with business strategies has become the focus of management studies (Wright et al 2005). Strategic HRM: The field of HRM has under gone significant changes in scope, functions and activities over the years, with the rise in professional maturity in the field; Personnel management has become HRM, which in recent years has become strategic HRM. Strategic HRM is the explicit link HRM has with the strategic management process of the organization. Strategic HRM is viewed as strategic as it involves the managerial personnel of the organization and regards: People as the single most important asset of the organization" (Poole & Jenkins, 1990). It is proactive in its approach to people. It seeks to enhance organizational performance, employee needs and societal well being. The key difference therefore between traditional and strategic concepts with extent to which management of HR is integrated into the strategic decision making processes that direct organizational efforts towards coping with the environment (Guest, 1990). Strategic HRM practitioners are now considering human r esources to be a major source of competitive advantage and a growing body of research supports this view (Arthur 1994; Guest, 1997; Tyson, 1997; Wright et al. 2005; Youndt et al. 1996). SHRM theory is based upon the recognition that organizations can become more effective, if their human resources are managed with HR policies and practices, which can help the right number of people, acquire the appropriate behaviors, the needed HR competencies and the feasible levels of work motivation. The relevant external and internal environment or components of the organizations and the relevant stakeholders are thus important to the practice of strategic HRM (Schuler & Jackson 1999). The 1980's and the 1990's have witnessed a great deal of emphasis being placed on a strategic implementation of the HRM policies and practices all over the world. Shift in strategic HRM perspective have changes the orientation of HR managers world over. The last two decades saw major shift in people management approaches and practices as SHRM becomes more proactive in approach, people oriented, and people as investment, key player in competitive advantage and integrated role in company's goals and planning. The fields of HRM, HRD and organizational development (OD) have converged into the new strategic HRM. As Ruona and Gibson (2004) remarked "Twenty-first-century strategic HRM lay more emphasis on increased centrality of people for organizational success, importance of whole systems and integrated solutions in strategic alignment and impact and lastly, has a tremendous capacity for change". The concept of HRM has generated a lot of attention from researchers since it first emerged in the 1980's. The

Personal portfolio application for an overseas leadership position Essay

Personal portfolio application for an overseas leadership position - Essay Example This emotional intelligence competency, along with maintaining a well-educated background in sociology and psychology, will assist in developing meaningful relationships with diverse foreign workers and managers that is crucial to maintaining competitive edge through human capital development. In today’s business world, a company requires establishment of a cohesive and dedicated organizational culture. To develop culture successfully, individual competencies that must contribute include inspiring through mission and vision iteration, opening lines of communication, and being prepared to serve as a transformational teacher (Fairholm, 2009). Knowledge of how to build a diversity-focused organizational culture is one of my most valued and vital competencies that has prepared me well for a role as expatriate. The Philippines The Philippines is considered to be a collectivist country, one in which group membership and group loyalty are paramount social characteristics. Citizens in collectivist countries help to mold their personal identities through consideration of the thoughts and opinions of peer networks and, oftentimes, loss of face (reputation) is a major concern (Cheung, Cheung, Zhang, Leung & Yeh, 2008). Though much of these values differ from my own personal values as it relates to identity formation and personal social needs, having an understanding of the collectivist mindset will assist in developing appropriate human resources policies to gain commitment and dedication through organizational culture development. I will be able to effectively create reward policies linked with transactional management philosophy that consider group affiliation and group contribution rather than attempting to use Western models of individual reward that work sufficiently in the United States. Since the establishment of a performance management system often leads to better worker productivity in which regular appraisals are conducted, understanding how to develop g roup-minded HR policies will lead to more loyalty and trust in the organization. The Philippines culture is also one that is risk tolerant, scoring moderately low in the dimension of culture known as uncertainty avoidance (Hofstede Centre, 2013). This is very similar to my own home culture and my own set of personal values. In today’s business world, entrepreneurship in many executive managers and employees is a critical dimension to attaining a positive business reputation and finding competitive advantage. Entrepreneurial behaviors include being willing to take risks and trying new strategies in order to outperform competition. These cultural similarities maintain many opportunities for creating not only a cohesive culture within the business, but also coming up with multiple baskets of ideas about how to find absolute advantages over competing firms. Recognizing that both the United States and The Philippines share similar propensity to gamble on innovative strategic objec tives will also assist in developing appropriate policies that will meet with unified dedication throug

Death penalty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Death penalty - Essay Example From the above, an individual may ask why others would go through while others do not. To answer this question some scholars have managed to find out the racial discrimination that take place in passing out judgements. The race of the victim and that of the defendant determines the judgement passed. One significant problem is the fact that prosecutors are capable of choosing death penalty cases without review. This allows racial discrimination to continue occurring. Results show that 81 percent of all death penalties involve white victims while only half of the total murder cases countrywide entail the white victims. This implies that the chances for getting a death penalty for murdering a white a high. This is even worse when the murderer involved is a black. From 1987, 211 blacks were accorded a death penalty for killing whites while only 14 whites got the same punishment for killing blacks. This racial biasness against blacks and Latin Americans continues as efforts to stop the act has proven unsuccessful. Prosecutors, according to research, have concealed evidence and even at times using threats to coerce confessions. Race, in this country, is a basis for passing a death sentence. Regardless of prosecutor’s immunization against law suits, the government should put more effort in cubing this

History Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History - Assignment Example Due to existence of a number of different nations that are considered as world power, conflicts of views became increasingly influential. Once the conflict had been started, the impacts of the WWI to the history of the world became inevitable (Howard, 2003). Included in the said impacts is related to the influential nations and empires of the period. It can be considered that the effects had been negative on their part because two of the imperial powers had lost control and had been divided into smaller territories such as the Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire. Except for the rise of the Soviet Union which had been revolutionized, the greater part of the European region had been changed. The said change can also be related to the strengthening of the belief in nationalism as opposed to the imperial leadership that had been the main form of leadership during the said part of history (Howard, 2003). In the social and economic aspects, there are different changes that had occurred due to the WWI. One of the impacts that can be observed is the manner of warfare which significantly improved compared to prior period. There are different repercussions of the said effect which can include the continuous aiming for increasingly powerful weapons, which can still be observed even at present times. Another significant effect not only in the domestic but also in the international arena is the social trauma that commonly occurs in times of wars and conflicts (Howard, 2003). One of the most significant observations with regards to the effect of WWI is the rise to power of the United States on the basis of the economic and trade relations. The effects of such event can be considered as the onset of the power and control being experienced by the US until the present era. This event can be attributed to the fact that new allies and international

Philip Seymour Hoffman and Dr. Seuss Essay Example for Free

Philip Seymour Hoffman and Dr. Seuss Essay The more that you read, the more things you will know. The more that you learn, the more places youll go. Dr. Seuss We shouldnt teach great books; we should teach a love of reading. B. F. Skinner  Today a reader, tomorrow a leader. Margaret Fuller  Reading takes us away from home, but more important, it finds homes for us everywhere. Hazel Rochman â€Å"Success is not final, failure is not fatal: it is the courage to continue that counts. † ― Winston Churchill tags: bravery, courage, failure, inspirational, success 13499 likes like W.C. Fields â€Å"If at first you dont succeed, try, try again. Then quit. No use being a damn fool about it.† ― W.C. Fields tags: humor, success 5582 likes like Albert Einstein â€Å"Try not to become a man of success. Rather become a man of value.† ― Albert Einstein tags: adulthood, success, value 4221 likes like Herman Melville â€Å"It is better to fail in originality than to succeed in imitation.† ― Herman Melville tags: success 3730 likes like Dr. Seuss â€Å"So be sure when you step, Step with care and great tact. And remember that lifes A Great Balancing Act. And will you succeed? Yes! You will, indeed! (98 and  ¾ percent guaranteed) Kid, youll move mountains.† ― Dr. Seuss, Oh, The Places Youll Go! tags: humor, inspirational, success 2945 likes like W.P. Kinsella â€Å"Success is getting what you want, happiness is wanting what you get† ― W.P. Kinsella tags: happiness, success 2784 likes like Truman Capote â€Å"Failure is the condiment that gives success its flavor.† ― Truman Capote

Image of death Essay Example for Free

Image of death Essay As she attempted suicide, â€Å"I am not his yet.† She is possibly tempting death as the quote â€Å"..how badly I photograph†, suggests death may have been stalking her and Plath is possibly taunting him back as he insults her, or it may also be that Plat is not ready for her death photograph yet. Plath shocks the reader by talking about children in coffins in such a matter of fact manner, â€Å"He tells me how sweet the babies look in their hospital icebox†, paradox, as the beautiful and ‘sweet’ children are linked to death, â€Å"Ionian death gowns†, again Plath contradicts the beauty of the gowns with the horrifying image of death. Plath uses simple but very harsh descriptions to portray death amongst children, â€Å"two little feet† very graphic in a simplistic way. Plath explains death is in two forms, a traditional view of death and the other one a more modern view of death. She portrays the death as very laid back, â€Å"He does not smile or smoke† as before cool people, celebrities and models smoked, so people followed them but death does not as he’s not trying to be popular. The â€Å"other† death Plath describes with â€Å"hair long and plausive† and also suggest that this death does smoke â€Å"the other does that† giving this death a more positive feel, making him more modern and more appealing. An act of masturbation, seen as a powerful act as it’s done alone â€Å"Masturbating a glitter† almost as if Plath is saying that death thinks he’s special as he’s masturbating a glitter, â€Å"he wants to be loved† paradox, as you can’t love death. Plath suggests the idea of rigourmortus although it’s ironic as she’s still alive â€Å"I do not stir†, or it may be Plath suggesting that she’s dead on the inside, and that her emotions may have gone stiff. In contrast to Plath’s poem â€Å"Death and Co.†, Hughes poem â€Å"Examination at the Womb-Door† emphasises on death owning existence as even as soon as you are born you face death but death still being inferior to God, as the examiner being God the questions throughout the poem are very authoritive, suggesting that Hughes may think that God has authority over death. The title could possibly be Hughes signifying the point of crossing into the physical world. It seems as if sees death as the starting point: Man has been living, just to get experience to pass an exam before God, also giving a very ominous feel to death, the ultimate fear of all mankind and a sacrilegious tone to the poem. It maybe that Hughes sees the soul as immortal as when the crow is asked â€Å"But who is stronger than death?† the crow replies â€Å" Me, evidently† as the crow is immortal due to the rebirth cycle, so despite the body’s death, the soul remains, therefore the crow is in fact stronger than death. Hughes uses negative adjectives and pronouns throughout the poem possibly to remark the deficiency of the human body against death.

African American English Essay Example for Free

African American English Essay When it comes to arguing whether African-American English/Ebonics, enriches or contaminates Standard English, most of the negative tone that African-American English gets comes from an educational stand point. One argument teachers, who do not believe in using Ebonics, use is that there is no place for Ebonics in the class room. Stacey Thomas, in her article â€Å"Ebonics and the African-American Student: Why Ebonics Has a Place in the Classroom† writes that teachers can use Ebonics as a way to facilitate the learning of Standard English to African American students. In order to use Ebonics as a vehicle to teaching Standard English, teachers must be bilingual; meaning they most know both Ebonics and Standard English. Thomas states, â€Å"†¦once students see and comprehend the differences between Standard English and Ebonics in terms of structure and syntax, they display a great[er] understanding in Standard English, and as a result, decrease their use of Ebonics† Ebonics and the African-American Student (6). In other words, by working on activities where students have to compare both Ebonics and Standard English, students’ knowledge of Standard English is increasing and their use of Ebonics is decreasing. Another arguments teachers use against Ebonics is that it obstructs the academic potential of African-Americans. Thomas goes further on by stating the Oakland school board Ebonics issue. In 1996, the Oakland, California school board started using Ebonics as a way to teach to African American students whose grades were lower than other ethnicities. As a result of using Ebonics as a vehicle to teaching, Thomas states, â€Å"the Oakland School Districts use of Ebonics in the classroom, [and] the students performance in reading and wring has improved†¦ the students have tested above district averages there was a in reading and writing skills† Ebonics and the African-American Student (6). So not only is the teaching of Ebonics facilitating school work for students, but it is also increasing their grades. Ebonics, a language that is stereotyped as ignorant and uneducated, is now becoming a great tool for educating students.

Judaism - Meaning of life Essay Example for Free

Judaism Meaning of life Essay The meaning of life is a philosophical question concerning the significance of life or existence in general. It can also be expressed in different forms, such as Why are we here? , What is life all about? , and What is the purpose of existence? It has been the subject of much philosophical, scientific, and theological speculation throughout history. There have been a large number of proposed answers to these questions from many different cultural and ideological backgrounds. The meaning of life is in the philosophical and religious conceptions of existence, social ties, consciousness, and happiness, and borders on many other issues, such as symbolic meaning, ontology, value, purpose, ethics, good and evil, free will, the existence of one or multiple Gods, conceptions of God, the soul, and the afterlife. Scientific contributions focus primarily on describing related empirical facts about the universe, exploring the context and parameters concerning the how of life. Science also studies and can provide recommendations for the pursuit of well-being and a related conception of morality. An alternative, humanistic approach poses the question What is the meaning of my life? The value of the question pertaining to the purpose of life may coincide with the achievement of ultimate reality, or a feeling of oneness, or even a feeling of sacredness. governs the universe. Closeness with the God of Israel is through study of His Torah, and adherence to its mitzvot (divine laws). In traditional Judaism, God established a special covenant with a people, the people of Israel, at Mount Sinai, giving the Jewish commandments. Torah comprises the written Pentateuch and the transcribed oral tradition, further developed through the generations. The Jewish people are intended as a kingdom of priests and a holy nation[69] and a light to the Nations, influencing the other peoples to keep their own religio-ethical Seven Laws of Noah. The messianic era is seen as the perfection of this dual path to God. Jewish observances involve ethical and ritual, affirmative and prohibative injunctions. Modern Jewish denominations differ over the nature, relevance and emphases of mitzvot. Jewish philosophy emphasises that God is not affected or benefited, but the individual and society benefit by drawing close to God. The rationalist Maimonides sees the ethical and ritual divine commandments as a necessary, but insufficient preparation for philosophical understanding of God, with its love and awe. [70] Among fundamental values in the Torah are pursuit of justice, compassion, peace, kindness, hard work, prosperity, humility, and education. [71][72] The world to come,[73] prepared in the present, elevates man to an everlasting connection with God. [74] Simeon the Righteous says, the world stands on three things: on Torah, on worship, and on acts of loving kindness. The prayer book relates, blessed is our God who created us for his honor and planted within us everlasting life. Of this context, the Talmud states, everything that God does is for the good, including suffering. The Jewish mystical Kabbalah gives complimentary esoteric meanings of life. As well as Judaism providing an immanent relationship with God (personal theism), in Kabbalah the spiritual and physical creation is a paradoxical manifestation of the immanent aspects of Gods Being (panentheism), related to the Shekhinah (Divine feminine). Jewish observance unites the sephirot (Divine attributes) on high, restoring harmony to creation. In Lurianic Kabbalah, the meaning of life is the messianic rectification of the shattered sparks of Gods persona, exiled in physical existence (the Kelipot shells), through the actions of Jewish observance. [75] Through this, in Hasidic Judaism the ultimate essential desire of God is the revelation of the Omnipresent Divine essence through materiality, achieved by man from within his limited physical realm, when the body will give life to the soul. Zoroastrianism Zoroastrianism is the religion and philosophy named after its prophet Zoroaster, which is believed to have influenced the beliefs of Judaism and its descendant religions. [77] Zoroastrians believe in a universe created by a transcendental God, Ahura Mazda, to whom all worship is ultimately directed. Ahura Mazdas creation is asha, truth and order, and it is in conflict with its antithesis, druj, falsehood and disorder. (See also Zoroastrian eschatology). Since humanity possesses free will, people must be responsible for their moral choices. By using free will, people must take an active role in the universal conflict, with good thoughts, good words and good deeds to ensure happiness and to keep chaos at bay.

Recruitment and Selection Process in Tesco

Recruitment and Selection Process in Tesco Recruitment Selection Policy: A platform for recruitment using employment agencies, websites and newspapers. However, Tesco is a big name in the distribution sector does not need publicity, due to its strong presence in the retail sector in the UK. Fig1: Recruitment Process GRIEVANCES POLICY: Complaints are an important aspect of personnel policy, because it contains a provision on the factors that cause problems in the workplace because of the causes of stress, fatigue, personal problems, health problems and other social issues. Tesco is very special in this respect because they have serious complaints policy where employee issues are of huge importance and are not neglected due to pressure or excessive workload. Training and Development Policy: The Company has a policy of training and development that makes it compatible with an organization where employees feel they are growing their career aspects as much as possible. This policy is aligned with the needs of staffing and training needs. Rewards Management Policy: Rewards and management policies will be discussed in detail in the literature, allowing employees to feel good, motivated and committed to their employer. It is also a great way to introduce competition into the ranks of employees and their competitive strategies. Premiums and policy management is also an understandable form of access to personal potential and their classification in regard to the role in business. For a company like Tesco, is a way to find potential leaders, and industry icons. The company faces many aspects of internal training, and outsourcing training and customer service are the key aspects of learning, while being part of Tesco. Internal transfers are made to develop and improve skills and vocational training is a part of the preparation procedures for these skills. Tesco Jobs in organizational behavior also improves employee to learn to be part of the organization with other aspects of the skills that are important to be injected in quality packaging. Interestingly, employees with a reatil industry knowledge is important when working in the retail sector. It is very important to realize and raise awareness in people regarding the induction of employees is an important step in a company the caliber and size of Tesco. It simply ensures that employees who are new should be aware of the principles and work in which they operate, like any culture of work differs from the other aspects of management, other important aspects. regular team meetings and notes to ensure that people working together is teamwork and collaboration between them as they help each other in different ways. There is also a systematic way of internal communication with staff that is done on a regular basis in the form of monthly newsletters, intranets, corporate reports, staff feedback, etc. All the above things to help employees in their awareness of the changes are constantly occurring in society and the impact of these changes in growth, profitability and image of the retail industry. In the context of this literature is very important to understand and examine the link between corporate strategy and human resources strategy for Tesco. There is always a link between corporate strategy and human resource strategy of an organization like Tesco following the classical concepts of SHRM, business strategy management systems, human resources as a set of interrelated policies and practices for implementing business strategies. The reporting of corporate strategy for managing human resources directors are the general contractor Shih, H.A Chiang, Y.H (2005). Regarding the difference between the theory of strategic management company, commercial, operational and political strategy, the companyà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s strategy is to devise operational strategy, because that is what makes the organization function as it should. Provides focus and direction of corporate communication function, and is also active in developing the strategy for implementing the communication plan Steyn, B (2003). Formulation of the strategy in action is a very important part of corporate strategies. Structuring an organization to support a good performance including organizational structures, processes and contexts. Scholes, K Johnson, G Whittington, R (2009). The management of the business strategy often involves change and the type of change that is implemented in a retail establishment at Tesco. A key element of corporate strategy includes the expansion of financial security to be granted to employees and come with more resourceful, innovative an d creative financial plans for welfare and restraint. However, attention is directed more elements to human resources strategy literature that focus strategically on this issue and it is also crucial for an organization potential of the stature of Tesco. It has to do with managing the work efficiently and effectively, while ensuring the rights of individuals and their value to the company. A central feature of a continuous improvement process is to ensure that the system is managed and controlled effectively. This requires measurement, analysis and reduction of fluctuations in the results to more realistic limits. The framework must include the organization of the HR practice in groups with a common goal, and it also develops principles for each group covering the management of the organization, intent, culture and capabilities. There is also the possibility of clear measures against which must be measured over time. The aspects are to be discussed in detail in the results including the nature, long term and short-term, HR strategy and its impact on business growth. Other important and essential to examine the policy framework will be consistent with strict implementation in the United Kingdom and I. strategy of the competitor, Strategy E of ASDA, Morrison and Sainsbury. Within the framework of HR strategies is very important to discuss in detail the policies of recruitment and selection of large companies like Tesco and gender equality policy. Recruitment process is discussed in detail and the manner in which the company does the recruitment process efficient, transparent and efficient to win. Another important criterion for making an effective HR plan is to make useful analysis of organizational culture and cultural diversity, the dealer is a huge company manages and supervises its activities. The concept of organizational culture has become a major theme of science organization. Organizations create a culture or work environment to gain competitive advantage and this has to do primarily with customer service, emphasis on employee participation and integration of technological innovation in developing products or services. A culture can be considered the style of an organization, the atmosphere or the personalities of the Sims, RR (2002). There wil l be debates in the paper on the direction of the organization of the review giants and the most important consequences that can be done to make it more effective. However, in this scenario, the HR function as an agent of change is very important to realize that human resources is a key player in the treatment of work in the context of the organization must be an agent of change and take responsibility policies regarding disciplinary and other more. Change management strategies are discussed in relation to the different change management models. human_change_management Fig2: Change Management Model Above, the model of change management is adopted by companies in most cases to manage change effectively and also aggressive steps to be incorporated in organizational hierarchies. A change management process still requires a vision and a need for a focused and dedicated management. Proper analysis is crucial as regards the financial implications and the key element is the catalyst for an organization. Other models to be discussed in detail in the literature include Kotler model of change management and discussions will also be published on the role of change agents. The successful implementation of the change process associated with the facilitators of change and in cases of these literature facilitators of change in human resources. The change agent can be defined as a leader who is there to reconfigure the roles of an organization, responsibilities, structures and outputs Saka, A (2002). The change agent skills within the organization should be clarity on the definition of objecti ves, activities, team building, communication skills, negotiation techniques and skills of influence to win support for the goals and objectives. But we also know the limitations of change management are more associated with the perception of senior management of the need for change. In the phase of implementation of strategic change, top managers expect lower managers and employees to act according to their strategic vision and strategic plans, Joyce, P Wiley, J (2000). Employees do not have the responsibility to manage change so that the responsibility for change management is the management and executives of Tesco. Kotler, JP (1995). There will be detailed discussions on what measures can be taken by human resources to manage resistance to change. Resistance to change has been recognized as an extremely important factor that can influence the success or failure of an organizational change effort Waddell D Sohail A.S (1998). This resistance is mainly due to fear of the unknown i n the minds of the people, economic insecurity and some failures to recognize why the change is so important Nadler (1989). A very important topic of discussion is the motivation aspects of HR strategy. Motivation always brings positive and fruitful results regarding the growth of the organization and manages to bring the productivity of staff at its optimal level. This literature will explain how motivation can be increased and Herzberg and Maslow theories of motivation are discussed in detail in this document. Training of employees in retail trade is one aspect that will be discussed in detail in this literature where employees are key players in any part of the organization. Empowerment, engagement and ownership by employees is the key quantifiable aspects of a sector with great influence in the distribution sector due to customer confidence and to concentrate. CONCLUSION It is necessary to understand the importance of HR strategies in the company of the size and condition of Tesco. Effective human resource strategies are still profitable and productive impact on the growth of the company as HR has a vital importance for human resources management. A motivating factor always increases in productivity that employees must be motivated to perform at optimum level. It is important to ensure that an environment free of politics and bureaucracy is presented taking into account aspects of the declaration of the equality policy and a reward system unique and efficient management. HR strategy is always associated with corporate strategy so that business objectives are achieved through the effective use of resources and taking into account the economic consequences. The recruitment policy should be transparent and make room for younger talent, without forgetting the importance of retaining the old staff and helpful. Although the work in the retail environment, it is important that staff understands the importance of teamwork and cooperation, and how the operator can influence their teams to ensure efficient and effective. Training of workers is another important aspect that is neglected, because the nature of the retail sector, institutions need to train workers there on a regular basis to meet customer is involved in all key stakeholders. Customer satisfaction is considered in detail in this literature, in which Tesco is distinguished part of absolute customer orientation and CRM or Customer Relationship Management is one of the most significant characteristics of Tesco and influence the business strategy, because it is strong dependence on online sales and marketing. In this recruitment context, selection and retention of workers in Tesco is considered very high dependence and competitive strategy of the bank through the analysis of its competitors. ASDA is one of the largest operators, Tesco and the retail trade, after Sainsbury and Mo rrison is a very unique and transparent approach, so their employees, and employee retention policy. Under a good competitor, a strategy is always crucial to assess how it is at the forefront of its competitors. Research Methodology Collis and Hussey (2003) They stressed that the methodology of reference for the overall approach of the research process of the theoretical basis for the collection and analysis (p.55). Just As noted Gronhaug and Ghauri (2005) to find the right solution of the problem or answer the question and take the decision, it is necessary to conduct operations procedure to identify the real issues more deeply, to collect relevant information on the topic or area of interest and eventually put the information in sequential order to make the decision on the research problem or question. No decision can be made, no problem can be solved and the question can be answered once, less exertion, resources or procedures apply to take the decision. To carry out this research, to find the research questions and approach for systematic procedures to be adopted by the researcher, The Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2003) have given extensive and summarize the research methodology aspects presented in the se arch à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€¹Ã…“onionà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢. Figure 2 Fig3: Saunders Research Process Onion The research process onion Saunders chose a model of this research and the emphasis should be placed on methods of collecting data that will be adopted for this study. The research will be a mixture of primary and secondary research observations and interviews will also play a major role in identifying issues that the satisfaction levels of employees within the company and its dependence on the golf literature. Investigations are also important to identify the level of employee satisfaction and may be used for data analysis. Research Philosophy According to Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2007), One Paradigm is a paradigm to explore social phenomena, especially in the understanding of these phenomena can be earned and attempted explanations (Pg 112); the research philosophy approach is all about, a researcher in the research. It depends largely on how the investigator that he or she wishes to develop the knowledge, its all about the researcher believes that what needs to be research results and effectiveness will be found, so how the researcher believes that impact of how he or she is, many writers used the term paradigm of philosophy. A research paradigm can also be described as how the research will take place. They are four types of paradigms: functionalist, interpretive, radical humanist and radical structuralism. Creswell (1994) quoted in Collis and Hussey (2003) the positivist paradigm of quantitative and qualitative phenomenological paradigm (Pg. 48). Positivist approach is designed to, or cause social phenomena with little regard to the subjective state of the individual and the phenomenological paradigm is to understand human behaviour in the same frame of reference participant, (p. 52-53). This study is based on positivist and phenomenological approaches are taken to do research both quantitative and qualitative research data to find a solution. Research Design The research plan is very important and is the research base, and leads to get the answer the research question of reliable and valid. In a study on different techniques, approaches and methods have been employed, which, according to (Selltiz et al, 1981) in Jankowicz (2005) is required for various techniques of data collection, depending on the problem, we can not get the right result if you use the same techniques on all problems. The use of appropriate techniques, depending on the problem leads to results in the direction of generalizations. This study includes both primary and secondary data sources; secondary sources of information include business magazines and articles, books and internet. If so, collected through quantitative and qualitative methods of data. Research is a combination of exploratory and explanatory (descriptive). Should be applied to both research on, as evidenced by Jankowicz (2005). Pre-application to identify a problem or a problem, gather information and helps define the problem, while the explanatory (descriptive) is used to identify the issues and questions that this study is to analyze and describe the importance of employee retention and recruitment and selection of workers in Tesco. Supporting research in the type of data collected both qualitative and quantitative methods. Global model of Figure 3.2 shows the structure of the study, which was approved this survey has highlighted in bold or boxes show the types or methods of research implementation. Research Approach: According to Saunders onion research deductive approach where the researcher develops the theory and design and research strategy to test the hypothesis. There are two types of research approaches, namely deductive and inductive, but in the context of this literature, the mixed method approach is best and safest method to be adopted due to the size of the research and the different components of the literature. Research Strategy: However, the research strategy is the generic plan is taken by the researcher to define the methods of data collection are included in the study and the limits are defined by the methods of investigation. However, there are different strategies for handling which is taken as part of the investigation, however, this study will adopt the research strategy, where polls will be used to identify trends, analysis and behavior of key components employee satisfaction and recruitment and selection policies in Tesco. Qualitative and Quantitative Research Paradigms: Difference between qualitative and quantitative research Quantitative paradigms Qualitative paradigms Concerned with understanding Seek the facts/causes of social behaviour from actions own frame phenomena of reference. Obstructive and controlled measurement Naturalistic and uncontrolled objective observation. Removed from data: the outsider Subjective perspective Close to the data the insider Ungrounded, verification oriented, perspective reductionist, hypothetico-deductive Grounded, discovery oriented, exp- loratory, expansionist, descriptive, Outcome oriented inductive Reliable, hard and replicable data Press -oriented Generalizable: multiple case studies Ungeneralisable: single case study, Particularistic Holistic Assume a stable reality Assumes a dynamic reality Table1: Difference between Qualitative and Quantitative Research The table above shows clearly the main differences between qualitative and quantitative research paradigms. The main differences between the two methods is that the main results of this qualitative study did not reach statistical methods or otherwise, the limit of detection. One of the fundamental differences also, that the research uses a quantitative measurement and quantitative research is not based on measurements. Methods of data collection observation, interviews are part of qualitative research that will be a great debate in this literature. However, it is possible to measure qualitative data, therefore, qualitative and quantitative aspects, not mutually exclusive. Ghauri, P Gronhaug, K (2005). Interviews: The talks are again in qualitative research where information is obtained through discussions. Maintenance is always useful for researchers to collect data in direct contact with clients say that the main actors involved in the process of this investigation. The interviews were used to determine the response of employees to the extent that there is no job satisfaction concerns and the needs of employees who are covered by the company. The design of the interview will be structured and only focus on the relevance and the aspects of time management and focus on details as possible in the shortest time possible. Questionnaires: Questionnaire is another important element of primary research. There are two types of questionnaires, namely a permanent and indefinite. The questionnaires will be completed by mainly used in this document as close ended questionnaires are not easy to conceive that permanent, but has a huge impact in terms of data analysis part of the literature. Questionnaires will be distributed to employees, branch managers, supervisors and other key players Branch Tesco Gallant Reach. Data Collection Methods and Instruments Methods for collecting data are used in this study to collect basic data, which takes place interviews, focus groups, surveys and questionnaires. Focus on data collection Galliant Reach Tesco branch and the defendants are officers, directors, managers, branch manager and other key personnel. The information gathered will be used for statistical analysis to make interpretations of the behaviour of stakeholders and their effects on the market. Questionnaire design, data used in this adaptation of a closed-ended question. Closed-ended questions will help to improve compared to the analysis of open questions, because it best fits the type of research, conducted with the thesis. Tools used for data analysis are Excel spreadsheet. Excel data analysis is simple and easily understood. Data analysis is performed using statistical graphs such as pie charts, bar charts and histograms. Secondary data collected from the Internet through the company and report profiles. Newspapers can also be a ve ry important tool for gathering historical information and evidence in the form of statistics. The analysis is aimed at finding a competitive advantage enjoyed by Tesco, compared with other retail giants ASDA ie, Morrisons and Sainsbury. Ethical Considerations: Ethical consideration in this regard have been complied with ethical policy towards companies (Tesco, UK) were analyzed in this literature, and intellectual property rights. The companys website, Tesco.com follows a policy on copyright and intellectual property rights. Copyright protection has some restrictions are considered in the public interest. Such a restriction or safety valve is a fair use provision Goldstein (1994). All data used in this study the company particular concern of intellectual property rights and may not be used in marketing a company or for other reasons of this thesis.